Even when taken simply as performance art rather than a potential solution, these designs can have a downside. Torin Monahan, a surveillance researcher at the University of North Carolina, says such projects risk leading people to believe that surveillance is inevitable and it's up to individuals to solve the problem. "These kinds of interventions tend to position surveillance as a universal threat to which individuals can respond and maybe should respond--but that misses how the affluent and white are positioned in a much more advantageous way than those who are marginalized and subject to police or state surveillance on a regular basis," he says. "I worry that by commercializing and aestheticizing surveillance in these ways, we aren't having a conversation about unequal vulnerabilities."